Why Give Appreciated Stock Instead of Cash?
When you donate stock that you have held for more than one year directly to a church or public charity, you receive two major tax advantages:
You receive a charitable deduction for the full fair market value of the stock
You avoid paying capital gains tax on the appreciation
Because churches are tax-exempt, they can sell the stock immediately and receive the full value without paying any tax.
For many donors, the long-term capital gains tax rate is 23.8% (20% capital gains + 3.8% net investment tax). By donating stock instead of selling it first, you avoid ever paying this tax.
Example: Selling First vs Donating Stock
Sell First | Give Stock | |
|---|---|---|
Market Value | $15,000 | $15,000 |
Cost Basis | ($5,000) | ($5,000) |
Gain | $10,000 | $10,000 |
Capital Gains Tax (23.8%) | $2,380 | $0 |
Amount Church Receives | $12,620 | $15,000 |
Your Charitable Deduction | $12,620 | $15,000 |
Result:
The church receives $2,380 more and you receive a larger tax deduction simply by transferring the stock instead of selling it first.
Gifts of appreciated stock to a public charity are deductible up to 30% of your Adjusted Gross Income in the current year. Any excess deduction can be carried forward for up to five additional years.
When you give appreciated stock, you are donating money you never paid taxes on.